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Based on a microeconomic entity perspective, this paper empirically examines the effect of enterprise digitalization on resource mismatch. We found that, firstly, an increasing in enterprise digitalization reduces resource mismatch. Moreover, the results remain robust after considering endogeneity and changing the variable measurements. Secondly, enterprise digitalization can significantly reduce resource mismatch of private and large-scale enterprises and significantly contribute to reducing enterprise resource mismatch in low marketability regions and eastern regions. Thirdly, enterprise digital transformation can reduce resource mismatch by decreasing operating costs and financing constraints; Executive incentives can help reduce resource mismatch in the digital process of enterprises. Fourthly, the increase in enterprise digitalization contributes to an enhance in corporate social responsibility, and enterprise resource mismatch plays a mediating role in the relationship of enterprise digitalization development improving corporate social responsibility. Finally, in response to the findings of the study, the paper suggests countermeasures for regional and corporate countermeasures regarding digital development.
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This study investigates the effects of rule of origin (ROOs) and tariff margin on China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) utilization. Using a sample of 40,474 product-level observations with China's imports from ASEAN countries during the period 2015 to 2021 and adopting the Logit model estimation methods, we found that larger tariff margin positively affects the use of CAFTA, whereas, the rules of origin show a negative effect on the CAFTA utilization. In order to assess the specific impact of two effects, we also calculate the relative contribution of these two effects to the CAFTA utilization by ASEAN countries, and the results show that the rules of origin play a more important role on the CAFTA utilization by each ASEAN country. Moreover, based on heterogeneity analysis, we also find that ROOs play an important role in the use of FTA by lower middle-income countries and the tariff margin play an important role in the use of FTA by upper middle-income and high-income countries. Based on the above findings, the study proposes some policy recommendations on how to increase the CAFTA utilization by reducing the ROO costs and accelerating tariff reductions.
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Renta , ChinaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the genotype of an individual suspected for Aw through DNA sequencing. METHODS: Serologic testing was carried out with standard methods. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO genes were amplified by PCR and subjected to direct sequencing or sequenced after gene cloning. RESULTS: Serological testing showed that the forward typing and reverse typing were Aw and A, respectively. DNA sequencing revealed that the individual has carried an Aw allele and an O allele. Haplotype sequencing of each allele has revealed a nt543 variant (543G>C) in the Aw allele. CONCLUSION: The individual was verified as a rare A subtype, which was previously unreported in mainland China.
